js实现手表表盘时钟与圆周运动

网络编程 2024/12/23 佚名

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苹果手表表盘时钟与js圆周运动

实现结果

需求分析：

1、时钟时间按照北京时间进行显示;
2、时针、分针、秒针按照时钟运转标准进行运转；
3、小球跟随秒表围绕表盘进行圆周运动。

代码分析

1、html结构：时针、分针、秒针、小球分别用一个div，将他们一起放到一个大的div中；
2、css样式：表盘布局多使用相对定位与绝对定位，将表针与各时刻标刻移动到特定的位置；
3、js行为：为了实现动态获取时间，可以使用var now=new Date()，再利用定时器setInterval，实现每经过1s重新获取当前时间。

核心函数

时钟运动

function getTimeDeg(){
   //获取当前时间，计算在时钟上，时、分、秒对应转动角度
 var now=new Date();
 var s=now.getSeconds();
 var sDeg=s/60*360;
   var m=now.getMinutes();
 var mDeg=(m*60+s)/3600*360;
   var h=now.getHours();
   var hDeg=(h*3600+m*60+s)/(3600*12)*360;
 divH.style.transform=`rotate(${hDeg}deg)`;
 divM.style.transform=`rotate(${mDeg}deg)`;
 divS.style.transform=`rotate(${sDeg}deg)`;
 }

圆周运动

function circleMotion(){
   var now=new Date();
   var sball=now.getSeconds();
 var saDeg=sball/60*360-90;
   var r = 250;
   var radian = saDeg*Math.PI/180;
   var top = Math.cos(radian)*r;
   var left = Math.sin(radian)*r;
   ball.style.left= top+'px';
   ball.style.top = left+'px';
  }

完整源代码（复制可用）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
 <title>表盘时钟</title>
 <style>
  #circle{
   width: 500px;height: 500px;border-radius: 255px;
   position: relative;top: 50px;left: 500px;
   background: radial-gradient(black,grey);
   border:#f7f7f7 10px solid;
   box-shadow: 0px 0px 0px 2px #a3a4a6,0px 0px 0px 32px #dedfe1;
  }
  #ball{
   width: 30px;height: 30px;border-radius: 15px;
   background-color: red;position: absolute;
   margin-top: 235px;margin-left: 235px;
   z-index: 6;
  }
  #dian{
   width: 40px;height: 40px;border-radius: 20px;
   background-color:white;position: absolute;
   margin-top: 230px; margin-left: 230px;
   box-shadow:0px -15px 10px -7px #867c7c inset,0px 0px 2px 0px black ;
   z-index: 6;
  }
  #h{
 width:8px;height: 100px;background-color: white;
 position: absolute;border-radius: 8px;left: 246px;top: 150px;
   box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 1px #867c7c inset,0px 0px 1px 0px black ;
   z-index: 3;
   
 }
 #m{
 width:6px;height: 150px;background-color: white;
 position: absolute;top: 100px;left: 247px;border-radius: 6px;
   box-shadow:0px 0px 1px 0px #867c7c inset,0px 0px 1px 0px black ;
   z-index: 4;
   
 }
 #s{
 width:2px;height: 180px;background-color: red;
 position: absolute;top: 70px;left: 249px;border-radius: 2px;
   z-index: 5;
 }
 #s,#m,#h{
 transform-origin: center bottom;
 }
  .tip{
   width: 6px;height: 26px;border-radius: 3px;background-color: white;
   position: absolute;box-shadow:0px 0px 2px 1px #867c7c inset,0px 0px 1px 0px black ;
  }
  #time1{
   top: 34px;left: 372px;transform-origin:top center ;transform: rotate(30deg);
  }
  #time2{
   top: 125px;left: 463px;transform-origin:top center ;transform: rotate(60deg);
  }
  #time3{
   top: 230px;left: 475px;transform: rotate(90deg);
   width: 10px;height: 40px;border-radius: 5px;
  }
  #time4{
   top: 349px;left: 460px;transform-origin:bottom center ;transform: rotate(-60deg);
  }
  #time5{
   top: 440px;left: 369px;transform-origin:bottom center ;transform: rotate(-30deg);
  }
  #time6{
   top: 460px;left: 245px;width: 10px;height: 40px;border-radius: 5px;
  }
  #time7{
   top: 440px;left: 122px;transform-origin:bottom center ;transform: rotate(30deg);
  }
  #time8{
   top: 349px;left: 31px;transform-origin:bottom center ;transform: rotate(60deg);
  }
  #time9{
   top: 230px;left: 15px;transform: rotate(90deg);
   width: 10px;height: 40px;border-radius: 5px;
  }
  #time10{
   top: 124px;left: 30px;transform-origin:top center ;transform: rotate(-60deg);
  }
  #time11{
   top: 33px;left: 121px;transform-origin:top center ;transform: rotate(-30deg);
  }
  #time12{
   top: 0px;left: 245px;
   width: 10px;height: 40px;border-radius: 5px;
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <div id="circle">
  <div id="h"></div>
 <div id="m"></div>
  <div id="s"></div>
  <div id="ball" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="dian" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time1" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time2" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time3" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time4" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time5" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time6" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time7" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time8" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time9" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time10" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time11" class="tip"></div>
  <div id="time12" class="tip"></div>
 </div>
 <script>
  //获取div节点
  var ball=document.getElementById("ball")
  var divS=document.getElementById("s");
 var divM=document.getElementById("m");
 var divH=document.getElementById("h");
  //调用函数，可删除，删除后需等待1s才能看到运转
 getTimeDeg();
  //设置间隔时间为1s的定时器，每1s运行一次函数
  setInterval(getTimeDeg,1000);
  //时间获取函数
  circleMotion();
  setInterval(circleMotion,1000);

  //时钟运动
 function getTimeDeg(){
   //获取当前时间，计算在时钟上，时、分、秒对应转动角度
 var now=new Date();
 var s=now.getSeconds();
 var sDeg=s/60*360;
   var m=now.getMinutes();
 var mDeg=(m*60+s)/3600*360;
   var h=now.getHours();
   var hDeg=(h*3600+m*60+s)/(3600*12)*360;
 divH.style.transform=`rotate(${hDeg}deg)`;
 divM.style.transform=`rotate(${mDeg}deg)`;
 divS.style.transform=`rotate(${sDeg}deg)`;
 }
  //圆周运动
  function circleMotion(){
   var now=new Date();
   var sball=now.getSeconds();
 var saDeg=sball/60*360-90;
   var r = 250;
   var radian = saDeg*Math.PI/180;
   var top = Math.cos(radian)*r;
   var left = Math.sin(radian)*r;
   ball.style.left= top+'px';
   ball.style.top = left+'px';
  }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

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