CREATE TABLE `user` (
 `name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
 `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('张三', 20);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('李四', 22);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('李四', 20);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('张三', 22);
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('张三', 20);

SELECT * FROM user
张三 20
李四 22
李四 20
张三 22
张三 20

SELECT distinct name FROM user
张三
李四

SELECT distinct name,age FROM user
张三 20
李四 22
李四 20
张三 22

SELECT distinct name,age,count(*) 数据条数 FROM user GROUP BY name,age
张三 20 2
张三 22 1
李四 20 1
李四 22 1

satdb=# create table test_ctid(id int,name varchar(100));
satdb=# insert into test_ctid values(1,‘a'),(1,‘a');
satdb=# insert into test_ctid values(2,‘a'),(3,‘a');

satdb=# select id,name,ctid from test_ctid;
id | name | ctid
----±-----±------
1 | a | (0,1)
1 | a | (0,2)
2 | a | (0,3)
3 | a | (0,4)
(4 rows)

satdb=# update test_ctid set name=‘b' where id=2;
UPDATE 1

satdb=# select id,name,ctid from test_ctid;
id | name | ctid
----±-----±------
1 | a | (0,1)
1 | a | (0,2)
3 | a | (0,4)
2 | b | (0,5)
(4 rows)
satdb=# select * from test_ctid where ctid='(0,1)';
id | name
----±-----
1 | a
(1 row)

satdb=# delete from test_ctid where id=3;
DELETE 1
satdb=# select *,ctid from test_ctid;
id | name | ctid
----±-----±------
1 | a | (0,1)
1 | a | (0,2)
2 | b | (0,5)
(3 rows)

satdb=# insert into test_ctid values(3,‘d');
INSERT 0 1
satdb=# select *,ctid from test_ctid;
id | name | ctid
----±-----±------
1 | a | (0,1)
1 | a | (0,2)
2 | b | (0,5)
3 | d | (0,6)