SQL Server 树形表非循环递归查询的实例详解

数据库 2025/1/3 佚名

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很多人可能想要查询整个树形表关联的内容都会通过循环递归来查...事实上在微软在SQL2005或以上版本就能用别的语法进行查询，下面是示例。

--通过子节点查询父节点
WITH 
TREE AS( 
SELECT * FROM Areas 
WHERE id = 6 -- 要查询的子 id 
UNION ALL 
SELECT Areas.* FROM Areas, TREE 
WHERE TREE.PId = Areas.Id
) 
SELECT Area FROM TREE
--通过父节点查询子节点
WITH 
TREE AS( 
SELECT * FROM Areas 
WHERE id = 7 -- 要查询的子 id 
UNION ALL 
SELECT Areas.* FROM Areas, TREE 
WHERE TREE.Id = Areas.PId
) 
SELECT Area FROM TREE

通过子节点查询父节点查询结果为：

修改代码为

--通过子节点查询父节点
declare @area varchar(8000);
WITH 
TREE AS( 
SELECT * FROM Areas 
WHERE id = 6 -- 要查询的子 id 
UNION ALL 
SELECT Areas.* FROM Areas, TREE 
WHERE TREE.PId = Areas.Id
)
select @area=isnull(@area,'')+Area from Tree order by id 
select Area= @area

则结果为：中国北京市丰台区

根据以上可以将这段代码封装为一个存储过程

-----存储过程，递归获取树形地区表字符串
if exists (select * from sysobjects where name='SP_GetAreaStr')
drop proc SP_GetAreaStr
go
create procedure SP_GetAreaStr 
@id int
as
declare @area varchar(8000)
begin
WITH 
TREE AS( 
SELECT * FROM Areas 
WHERE id = @id -- 要查询的子 id 
UNION ALL 
SELECT Areas.* FROM Areas, TREE 
WHERE TREE.PId = Areas.Id
)
select @area=isnull(@area,'')+Area from Tree order by id 
select Area= @area
end 
go
--exec sp_helptext 'SP_GetAreaStr'
--go
exec SP_GetAreaStr 28
go

查询结果：中国安徽省宿州市灵璧县

所用表结构：